Abstract

Conjugate heat transfer in inclined open shallow cavities has been numerically studied. A thick wall facing the opening is heated by a constant heat flux, sides perpendicular to the heated wall are insulated and the opening is in contact with a fluid at constant temperature and pressure. Conjugate heat transfer by conduction and natural convection is studied by numerically solving equations of mass, momentum and energy. The governing parameters were: Rayleigh numbers, Ra from 10 6 to 10 12, conductivity ratio, k r from 1 to 60, cavity aspect ratio, A= H/ L from 1 to 0.125, dimensionless wall thickness, ℓ/ L from 0.05 to 0.20 and the inclination angle, ϕ from 0° to 45° from the horizontal. Isotherms and streamlines are produced, heat and mass transfer is calculated. It is found that volume flow rate, V ̇ is an increasing function of Ra, A, ℓ/ L, ϕ, and a decreasing function of k r. Heat transfer, Nu is an increasing function of Ra, ℓ/ L, and a decreasing function of k r. A mixed pattern is found with respect to A and ϕ. In the former, Nu is an increasing function of the aspect ratio up to a critical Rayleigh number, above which the relationship changes and it becomes a decreasing function of A. In the latter case, Nu is a decreasing function at low Raleigh numbers and an increasing one at high Rayleigh numbers.

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