Abstract
Conventional conical hydrostatic bearings are compared with less conventional three-recess and four-recess designs for operation in hybrid hydrostatic/hydrodynamic mode. Design implications are discussed with reference to operation at either low or high speeds. Conical spindle bearings are chosen for this study because they offer a compact arrangement that allows both radial load support and axial load support. While there is wide availability of design data for separate thrust and cylindrical journal bearings, there are very little data for conical bearings. This paper reviews the design of conical bearings and extends from previous knowledge into hybrid performance at high speeds. It is shown that long narrow recesses provide larger radial load support compared to long wide recesses for higher speeds. Sample data are provided for design of single cone bearings and also for opposed cone bearings. The data provide for radial and axial loads applied in combination for a selection of cone angles. Data are also provided as a guide for flowrate in the concentric bearing state and for effects on temperature rise.
Highlights
Conical hydrostatic journal bearings can be employed for thrust bearings or for spindle bearings arrangements
Two bearings are required for conical designs compared with two journal bearings and two thrust bearings for separate arrangements
Speed ranges can be conveniently defined by employing power ratio in the design process
Summary
Conical hydrostatic journal bearings can be employed for thrust bearings or for spindle bearings arrangements. Conical arrangements have advantages compared with separate journal and thrust bearings. Two bearings are required for conical designs compared with two journal bearings and two thrust bearings for separate arrangements. This makes for economy of flow, economy of power and fewer parts. Clearance is adjustable on assembly by adjustment of the axial location. Accurate machining and accurate assembly of conical designs are required to ensure bearing alignment. The recesses for conical designs are relatively simple to manufacture by electro-discharge machining using a graphite carbon electrode suitably shaped that can be advanced axially into the bearing cones
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