Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the opinions of both dysphonic and vocally healthy individuals regarding the factors that affect their voices positively and negatively, analyzing them according to the generation to which the participants belong. Eight hundred sixty-six individuals (304 dysphonic and 562 vocally healthy; 196 men and 670 women) categorized by generation: 22 individuals in Silent Generation (1926/-/1945), 180 in Baby Boomers (1946/-/1964), 285 in Generation X (1965/-/1981), and 379 in Generation Y (1982/-/2003) responded to two open questions: "Cite five things that you believe are good/bad to your voice". Five thousand, two hundred sixty answers were identified (2478 positive and 2782 negative) and organized in 365 factors related to voice care. The three most prevalent positive and negative factors for each generation were as follows: Silent Generation - positive factors: 1 - water, honey and pomegranate, 2 - apple, and 3 - ginger tea, voice exercises and gargling; negative factors: 1 - cold drinks, 2 - excessive speaking, and 3 - alcoholic drinks, smoking and screaming; Baby Boomers - positive factors: 1 - water, 2 - apple, and 3 - sleeping well; negative factors: 1 - cold drinks, 2 - screaming, and 3 - smoking; Generation X - positive factors: 1 - water, 2 - apple, and 3 - vocal warm-up; negative factors: 1 - screaming, 2 - smoking, and 3 - alcoholic drinks; and Generation Y - positive factors: 1 - water, 2 - apple, and 3 - vocal warm-up; negative factors: 1 - screaming, 2 - smoking, and 3 - alcoholic drinks. The impact of generation was greater on the frequency of the responses than on their type. Water and apple were the most frequently cited positive factors for all the generations investigated, whereas screaming and smoking were the most frequently mentioned negative factors. Behavioral aspects related to popular beliefs were reported more frequently by the older generations.
Highlights
Indirect voice therapy aims to provide awareness of the factors and habits that interfere with voice production[1]
This therapy is traditionally called vocal hygiene. It consists of a series of procedures to aid people in voice care, ranging from common sense rules to recommendations based on research[2]
The responses were tabulated and categorized so that a list of factors related to the voice could be obtained and the positive and negative factors could be identified for each generation
Summary
Indirect voice therapy aims to provide awareness of the factors and habits that interfere with voice production[1]. This therapy is traditionally called vocal hygiene. Scientific research has sought to understand the knowledge on vocal care by specific populations, voice professionals[4] or not, dysphonic and/or vocally healthy[5]. These data do not allow generalization, as they may be strongly influenced by culture[4,5]. These individuals were possibly influenced by the generation to which they belong, considering the way they seek information and regard or interpret issues related to health and/or behavior[6]
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