Abstract
O objetivo do estudo foi identificar a percepção do doente crônico sobre a funcionalidade de sua família e conhecer como ele se percebe neste contexto. Estudo descritivo de natureza qualitativa, realizado com 12 doentes crônicos. Os dados foram coletados no período de abril a novembro de 2010, utilizando entrevista semiestruturada, baseada no instrumento APGAR de avaliação familiar. Os resultados mostram quatro como famílias funcionais, cinco moderadamente disfuncionais e três severamente disfuncionais. Nos depoimentos dos doentes crônicos foram observados sentimentos de perda de autonomia, redução da participação nas decisões familiares, troca de papeis, perda da liberdade de escolha para realizar novas tarefas, desejo de isolamento e o fato de sentirem-se um peso para a família. Conclui-se que as doenças crônicas que necessitam de cuidados familiares são acompanhadas da necessidade de reestruturação e readequação familiar, fatores estes que podem desencadear conflitos e insatisfação por parte do doente, dificultando as relações familiares.
Highlights
The family is a complex and dynamic system influenced by the experiences of historical, social and cultural environments
Data were collected from April to November 2010, through semi-structured interviews conducted in the households and only those patients who were able to verbalize their perceptions and experiences
The visit was conducted by two researchers, so that one of them performed the interview with the patient, and the other one talked about other care aspects to the relative who were at home
Summary
The family is a complex and dynamic system influenced by the experiences of historical, social and cultural environments. Over time, there is a family restructuring and the person responsible for the exclusive care will appear automatically, so, there will be changes in the family dynamics and a possible exchange of roles and functions in order to assist the individual, in the process of falling ill.[2]. Even being considered the primary care unit of the subject, in a state of illness, the family may find difficulties and hesitation in the face of stressful factors related to the chronic disease care. The chronic illness might act as a force driving the family members to focus intensively on the sick person care, and reformulate the biopsychosocial aspects of the family life
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