Congruence between cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and morphological data in Anuraphis spp. (Hemiptera, Aphididae) with a comparison between the utility of the 5' barcode and 3' COI regions.

Silvia Di Silvestro,Rosanna Giordano,Carmelo Rapisarda,Giuseppe E Massimino Cocuzza

doi:10.3897/zookeys.529.6081

Silvia Di Silvestro, Rosanna Giordano + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.529.6081

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Journal: ZooKeys	Publication Date: Oct 26, 2015
Citations: 9	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: University of Puerto Rico System, University of Catania

Abstract

The discrimination of species in the genus Anuraphis is particularly difficult due to the overlap of morphological characters. In this study, we used the 5’ (barcode) and 3’ regions of cytochrome oxidase I (COI) to test their utility in the identification of species in this genus as well as closely related species. Both regions were useful to discriminate all the species tested. However the non-barcode 3’ region resulted in higher resolution and support for species relationships when the data were analyzed using both Maximum Likelihood and MrBayes. We propose the development of an integrated database that encompasses morphological, molecular, life-cycle, host plant and bibliographic information to facilitate and increase the accuracy of aphid identification.

Highlights

The genus Anuraphis Del Guercio presently ascribed to the tribe Macrosiphini includes a small number of taxonomically welldefined species, A. subterranea (Walker, 1852), A. farfarae (Koch, 1854), A. catonii Hille Ris Lambers, 1935, A. pyrilaseri Shaposhnikov, 1950, A. cachryos Barbagallo & Stroyan, 1982, A. ferulae Shaposhnikov, 1995 and A. shaposhnikovi Barbagallo & Cocuzza, 2003
The molecular analysis based on the 3’ and 5’ cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene regions indicates that the genus Anuraphis is a homogeneous taxonomic group
The division of Anuraphis species in two groups is observable by comparing the phylogenetic trees and Mahalanobis’ generalized distance

Summary

Introduction

The genus Anuraphis Del Guercio presently ascribed to the tribe Macrosiphini includes a small number of taxonomically welldefined species, A. subterranea (Walker, 1852), A. farfarae (Koch, 1854), A. catonii Hille Ris Lambers, 1935, A. pyrilaseri Shaposhnikov, 1950, A. cachryos Barbagallo & Stroyan, 1982, A. ferulae Shaposhnikov, 1995 and A. shaposhnikovi Barbagallo & Cocuzza, 2003. The generic placement of A. capparidis has been questioned by Blackman and Eastop (2006) who noted that, based on the original description, this is probably not an Anuraphis species but an immature Aphis sp. A common trait of almost all Anuraphis species is the use of Apiaceae as host plants, with the exception of A. farfarae that feeds on Asteraceae (Tussilago, Petasites and Hieracium). Some populations of A. farfarae (Shaposhnikov & Sharov, 1978), and probably other species, are solely anholocyclic on secondary host plants. For A. cachryos, A. shaposhnikovi and A. ferulae the primary host plants remain to be determined

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Conclusion