Abstract

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. Congestive heart failure (CHF) is often the result of many non-fatal heart problems. Many patients who suffer from heart failure die as a result of cardiac dysrhythmias. This article discusses the normal heart, the changes from normal seen in CHF and dysrhythmias, the medical management of these conditions, including medications used, and the implications for the dental management of these patients.

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