Abstract
The signs and symptoms of Zika virus infection are usually mild and self-limited. However, the disease has been linked to neurological complications such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and peripheral nerve involvement, and also to abortion and fetal deaths due to vertical transmission, resulting in various congenital malformations in newborns, including microcephaly. This review aimed to describe the o signs and symptoms that characterize the congenital Zika syndrome. A systematic review was performed with a protocol and described according to the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. The search strategy yielded 2,048 studies. After the exclusion of duplicates and application of inclusion criteria, 46 studies were included. The main signs and symptoms associated with the congenital Zika syndrome were microcephaly, parenchymal or cerebellar calcifications, ventriculomegaly, central nervous system hypoplasia or atrophy, arthrogryposis, ocular findings in the posterior and anterior segments, abnormal visual function and low birthweight for gestational age. Zika virus infection during pregnancy can cause a series of changes in the growth and development of children, while impacting the healthcare system due to the severity of cases. Our findings outline the disease profile in newborns and infants and may contribute to the development and updating of more specific clinical protocols.
Highlights
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus of the family Flaviviridae, isolated initially in non-human primates in Uganda (1947), and in humans (1954) in Nigeria, Africa [1,2,3,4].The first recorded outbreak was on the Yap Islands of Micronesia in 2007, followed by an epidemic in French Polynesia in 2013 and 2014 [5]
Zika virus infection during pregnancy can cause a series of changes in the growth and development of children, while impacting the healthcare system due to the severity of cases
A systematic search was conducted in Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Web of Science, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Scopus databases, and Biblioteca Virtual em Saude (BVS) to identify studies assessing signs and symptoms associated with congenital Zika virus syndrome
Summary
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus of the family Flaviviridae, isolated initially in non-human primates in Uganda (1947), and in humans (1954) in Nigeria, Africa [1,2,3,4].The first recorded outbreak was on the Yap Islands of Micronesia in 2007, followed by an epidemic in French Polynesia in 2013 and 2014 [5]. Compared to other arboviruses such as dengue and chikungunya, ZIKV infection involves additional transmission routes. The laboratory diagnosis of ZIKV infection is limited by the high cost and cross-reaction with other flaviviruses [12,13], and protocols for clinical diagnosis, in the context of simultaneous infection by other arboviruses, need to be implemented to define cases of ZIKV infection among pregnant women who have a rash [14]. The signs and symptoms of Zika virus infection are usually mild and self-limited. The disease has been linked to neurological complications such as Guillain-Barresyndrome and peripheral nerve involvement, and to abortion and fetal deaths due to vertical transmission, resulting in various congenital malformations in newborns, including microcephaly. This review aimed to describe the o signs and symptoms that characterize the congenital Zika syndrome
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