Abstract

Hydrocephalus is a congenital or acquired disorder commonly diagnosed in small animals. Clinical signs are variable but forebrain deficits are typical; distortion of the calvarium, open fontanelle and bilateral ventrolateral strabismus are often seen. Medical treatment usually offers only temporary control of the clinical signs and surgery is necessary in most cases. The aim of the surgery is to provide a controlled flow of cerebrospinal fluid. This is achieved by placing a shunting device to drain the cerebrospinal fluid from the ventricles into the peritoneal cavity. A five-month-old female entire Chihuahua presented with acute onset of complex partial seizures, left-sided head tilt and circling. MRI findings were consistent with the diagnosis of congenital hydrocephalus. After initial stabilisation on medical treatment, the dog underwent surgery for ventriculo-peritoneal shunt placement. At one year follow-up, no neurological deficits were present.

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