Abstract
The disorders of red blood cells can be divided into those of decreased red blood cell (RBC) mass (anemias) and those of increased RBC mass (erythrocytoses). Most of this chapter is devoted to various types of anemias, with only a short discussion of erythrocytosis. From the pathophysiologic standpoint, anemias can be divided into three categories: anemias of blood loss, anemias of decreased RBC production, and anemias caused by increased RBC destruction (hemolysis). Each of these categories can be subdivided further. This chapter focuses on commonly encountered conditions. Various rare causes of anemia and some disorders lacking characteristic changes in peripheral blood or bone marrow are omitted.
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