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Abstract
SummaryIntroductionEchocardiographic evaluation remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of structural cardiac disease. No previous prospective studies have been done on the prevalence of congenital heart disease (CHD) in the Niger Delta area. This study was done to determine the frequency and pattern of congenital heart disease, using echocardiography as a diagnostic tool.MethodsAll patients presenting to the Paediatric Cardiology clinics of two centres, the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital and the Paediatric Care Hospital between April 2009 and March 2013, were recruited and all had echocardiography performed.ResultsPrevalence of CHD in this study was 14.4 per 1 000 children; 277 (83.4%) of the patients had acyanotic CHD and 55 (16.6%) had cyanotic CHD. Ventricular septal defect and tetralogy of Fallot were the commonest acyanotic and cyanotic heart defects, respectivelyConclusionThe high prevalence of CHD in this study is the highest in the country and Africa, and may be attributable to the increased oil spillage and gas flaring from petroleum exploitation in this region.
Highlights
Echocardiographic evaluation remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of structural cardiac disease
This study was done to determine the frequency and pattern of congenital heart disease (CHD), using echocardiography as a diagnostic tool. This was a prospective study of all patients presenting to the paediatric cardiology clinics of two centres, the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital and the Paediatric Care Hospital, having been referred to the clinics or seen in the wards between April 2009 and March 2013
Of the 36 patients with Down syndrome (DS), over 60% had multiple cardiac defects, with ventricular septal defects (VSD)/patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and VSD/atrial septal defect (ASD) accounting for 50%
Summary
Echocardiographic evaluation remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of structural cardiac disease. No previous prospective studies have been done on the prevalence of congenital heart disease (CHD) in the Niger Delta area. This study was done to determine the frequency and pattern of congenital heart disease, using echocardiography as a diagnostic tool. Results: Prevalence of CHD in this study was 14.4 per 1 000 children; 277 (83.4%) of the patients had acyanotic CHD and 55 (16.6%) had cyanotic CHD. Ventricular septal defect and tetralogy of Fallot were the commonest acyanotic and cyanotic heart defects, respectively. Conclusion: The high prevalence of CHD in this study is the highest in the country and Africa, and may be attributable to the increased oil spillage and gas flaring from petroleum exploitation in this region
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