Abstract
Congenital chylothorax, an uncommon cause of respiratory distress in the neonate, is diagnosed initially by prenatal ultrasound or postnatal x-ray and definitively by evaluation of the fluid in the pleural space. The etiology is not well understood, and reaccumulation of fluid can occur. Thoracentesis and chest tube placement may be required to support respiratory status. Conservative treatment, which may be tried for up to five weeks, includes diet and should be attempted before surgical intervention. Nutritional status, along with fluids and electrolytes, needs to be monitored closely.
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