Congenital Anomalies of the Upper Urinary Tract

Abstract

Congenital anomalies of the upper urinary tract are common in pediatric patients. These anomalies can be classified into kidney anomalies, calyceal anomalies, pelvic and ureteral anomalies, duplex collecting system, and anomalous termination of the ureter. Kidney anomalies include anomalies of form such as renal agenesis and hypoplasia and anomalies of position such as renal ectopy, rotational anomalies, and horseshoe kidney. Calyceal anomalies include congenital hydrocalycosis, congenital megacalycosis, and calyceal diverticulum. There are congenital ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction, congenital megaureter, and congenital ureteral obstruction in pelvic and ureteral anomalies. Ureterocele and ectopic ureteral insertion are included in anomalous termination of the ureter. And multimodality imaging evaluation is important in this spectrum of diseasesPlease check if edit to the sentence starting: “Ureterocele and….” is ok.