Conformational properties of polar polymers. II. Poly(vinylidene chloride)

Abstract

AbstractA recently developed polarization model for representing polar bond effects in conformational energy calculations is applied to poly(vinylidene chloride) (PVDC). The geometries and conformational energies of a number of conformers of 2,2,4,4,6,6‐hexachloroheptane were calculated. The geometries were found to be similar to the hydrocarbon analog polyisobutylene (PIB) in that steric crowding results in the usual T, G, G′ states being split into + or − distortions of the torsional angles away from the traditional values. Only distortions of the same sign occur in the same pair of bonds interior to CCl2 groups. Distortions of G states towards eclipsed were found to be much more stable than those away. The interior skeletal valence angle is also distorted to an unusually large value, ca. 121°. The calculated dipole moments were used to infer a group moment for CCl2 of 1.56 D. The calculated conformational energies were fitted by linear combinations of interaction parameters representing the stabilities of G+, G− bonds (relative to T+, T−) and the interactions between bonds across intervening CCl2 groups. These parameters were used in statistical mechanical calculations of the characteristic and dipole‐moment ratios. In order to make comparison with experiment, the dipole‐moment/repeat unit of a 90% (by weight) PVDC copolymer with PVC was measured and found to be 1.42 ± 0.05 D. From this, the dipole‐moment ratio for PVDC homopolymer is inferred to be ca. 0.8. The characteristic and dipole‐moment ratios calculated from the interaction parameter set were somewhat too high but adjustment of the gauche energies downward brings the calculated ratios into agreement with experiment. The same statistical model along with energy parameters previously calculated also gives agreement with experiment for the characteristic ratio of PIB. The calculated geometries are in agreement with the conformation in the crystal being (T+G′+T−G−).