Abstract
Conformal arrays may be a viable solution in many antenna applications requiring a wide angular coverage with sufficiently high directivity values, so it is worth comparing different 2D conformal array geometries to satisfy these requirements. To this end, first, the singular value decomposition (SVD) of the radiation operator is exploited to determine the maximum directivity values an array can reach in the whole observation domain. A numerical study based on the maximum directivity and, hence, on the SVD is then proposed to select the array geometry complying with some given requirements. Therefore, the performances achievable by some array geometries (a semi-circumference, a trapezoidal, and an angle array) are analyzed, and the one assuring a better hemispherical coverage is suggested. Furthermore, such an SVD-based study is usefully exploited to determine which panels of a multi-faceted array must be fed to reach some assigned specifications.
Highlights
In the last decades, thanks to their electric beam scanning capability, phased array antennas have gained great attention and have been utilized in several military and civilian applications [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
The same need has raised over the last few years too, when the demand for high data rate services has led to the birth of the 5th generation (5G) mobile communication
There exists an intrinsic limitation on the achievable angular coverage using a single planar phased array, since the beamwidth of a planar phased array antenna would increase as its beam directs away from broadside direction, unavoidably leading to loss of gain and degradation of the side-lobelevel [16]
Summary
Thanks to their electric beam scanning capability, phased array antennas have gained great attention and have been utilized in several military and civilian applications [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. In [37], the singular functions of the radiation operator were used to predict the maximum directivity a continuous source can reach on a full observation angle. Different support geometries are considered by including the angle array with optimal geometric parameters.
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