Abstract
Resumo Reformas em judiciários de diversos países criaram um novo papel para os juízes, um papel gerencial, em que juízes assumem novas responsabilidades relacionadas com as atividades administrativas. Esse novo papel é diferente do papel tradicional, focado em tarefas judiciais, e tem gerado conflitos no trabalho de juízes. Com base nesse contexto, o presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar e discutir conflitos e ambiguidades envolvendo os papéis judicial e gerencial, desempenhados por juízes de Portugal. A pesquisa foi realizada em Portugal, entre 2013 e 2014, e os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas em profundidade com 12 juízes. Os principais conflitos são: incompatibilidade entre a realização de atividades judiciais e administrativas; carga de trabalho elevada e equipe administrativa insuficiente e desmotivada; produtividade versus qualidade do trabalho judicial; e alta responsabilidade do cargo e baixo salário. As principais ambiguidades identificadas nas entrevistas referem-se a: relação formal entre juízes e pessoal administrativo; função do juiz no processo de planejamento dos tribunais; critério para distribuição de processos judiciais entre juízes; e critério de avaliação do desempenho de juízes. Os resultados são discutidos e são sugeridas pesquisas adicionais.
Highlights
Judicial activity is highly institutionalized and socially legitimized
In order to fill the gap in the literature, the aim of this study is to identify and discuss conflicts and ambiguities involving the judicial and administrative roles performed by Portuguese judges
A view shared by the interviewees was the social importance of the role played by judges
Summary
Judicial activity is highly institutionalized and socially legitimized. In democratic societies, judges have the guarantee to perform their work independently, without political, social or economic pressures on the content of their decisions. Administrative activities are increasingly a part of a judge’s work This represents an extension of the power of judges, since they take on responsibility for the management of the courts and units of justice, the emergence of this new managerial role, and the expectations and pressures arising from it, have generated conflicts. These conflicts occur because judges need to reconcile judicial and administrative activities, accommodating expectations and demands that are often conflicting or contradictory. Many judges claim that the new role and administrative activities are increasingly taking them away from the traditional sense of justice (Gomes, Guimaraes and Souza, 2016)
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