Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by pathogenic bacteria. The bacillus is transmitted mainly through the coughing mechanism, in addition to sneezing and speech, which are responsible for releasing droplets of saliva. In Brazil, 69,569 new cases of tuberculosis were confirmed in 2017. In the Brazilian state of Amapá, still in 2017, there were 237 new cases of tuberculosis reported. The objective of this work is to compare the percentage of confirmed cases of tuberculosis in Brazil, in the North region, in the state of Amapá and in the municipality of Macapá, between the years 2013 and 2017. Data were collected on the DATASUS website. Co-infections as well as alcoholism, drug use, urban agglomerations and the individual’s nutritional status can also represent factors that increase tuberculosis cases. Social vulnerability and little primary health care also favor an increase in these numbers. Having a Tropical Diseases Reference Center (CRDT), which also includes the Testing and Counseling Center (CTA) and Therapeutic Home Assistance (ADT) helps in detecting cases, streamlining and controlling the treatment of patients. Men in the working age group are more affected due to their necessary social interaction for work.
Highlights
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the pathogenic bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, known as Koch's bacillus (KB)(MACEDO et al, 2017).Once infected, about 5 to 10% of individuals have active tuberculosis and, depending on the affected organ, can manifest a series of symptoms, coughing being the most common of them, evolving from dry to mucous and sometimes associated blood, characterizing hemoptysis
Social vulnerability and little primary health care favor an increase in these numbers
2448-0959 HTTPS://WWW.NUCLEODOCONHECIMENTO.COM.BR Figure 1 Shows the percentage of confirmed tuberculosis cases in Brazil between 2013 and 2017
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the pathogenic bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, known as Koch's bacillus (KB)(MACEDO et al, 2017). About 5 to 10% of individuals have active tuberculosis and, depending on the affected organ, can manifest a series of symptoms, coughing being the most common of them, evolving from dry to mucous and sometimes associated blood, characterizing hemoptysis (coughing blood). Fever and weight loss can be manifestations of the disease (KOZAKEVICH e SILVA, 2015). The bacillus is transmitted mainly through the coughing mechanism, in addition to sneezing and speech, which are responsible for releasing droplets of saliva (called Flügge droplets) that, depending on their weight, can remain in air suspension and allow the infection when reaching bronchioles and pulmonary alveoli. Taking into account the degree of contact and proximity, it is estimated that an exposure of about
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