Abstract
The Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE) is a popular self-report questionnaire that measures lifetime psychotic experiences. However, despite being popular, a consistent factorial structure across nations has not been found. Furthermore, the factorial structure of the Indonesian version has not been examined questioning the types of symptoms that can be measured. Cross-sectional community sample from Indonesia (N = 844) was used in this study. Confirmatory factor analyses results showed that the original three dimensions and nine dimensions factorial structure of the CAPE were found to have an acceptable fit to the data. However, the nine dimensions factorial structure has significantly better fit than the three dimensions. Therefore, the Indonesian version of the CAPE consists of positive symptoms (bizarre experiences, hallucinations, paranoia, magical thinking and grandiosity), negative symptoms (affective flattening, social withdrawal, and avolition) and depressive symptoms.
Highlights
Schizophrenia is a mental condition with severe consequences for the individual and the community, costing on average 106 USD thousand per person per year in developed countries (Evensen et al, 2015)
This is important to be stated because even though around 5.8% of the general population in 18 countries around the globe reports having some kind of psychotic experiences (McGrath et al, 2015), only 0.55% of the population is diagnosed with schizophrenia (McGrath, Saha, Chant, & Welham, 2008)
The participants were richer than the average Indonesian, 89% of the participants spent more than Rp 1.000.000 per month, whereas only 12.8% of the Indonesian population spent more than Rp 1.000.000 per month (Badan Pusat Statistik, 2011, 2013a)
Summary
Schizophrenia is a mental condition with severe consequences for the individual and the community, costing on average 106 USD thousand per person per year in developed countries (Evensen et al, 2015). According to the DSM-5, an individual can be diagnosed with schizophrenia if at least two of the following symptoms occurring notably in a one month period, delusion, hallucination, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior, and negative symptoms (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) This view of schizophrenia as a diagnostic category has been contested, at least since 50 years ago (Strauss, 1969). The idea of a psychosis continuum does not imply a continuum of disorder This is important to be stated because even though around 5.8% of the general population in 18 countries around the globe reports having some kind of psychotic experiences (McGrath et al, 2015), only 0.55% of the population is diagnosed with schizophrenia (McGrath, Saha, Chant, & Welham, 2008).
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