Abstract
The arrival ofPapilio demoleusLinnaeus, 1758 in Cyprus in 2021 signalled the species' first appearance in a country of the European Union attributable to range expansion from mainland coastal regions to the east, rather than by human-mediated activity. Molecular work on the Cyprus taxon has shown this to belong to nominotypicalP. demoleus demoleus, matching exactly results of similar work carried out on specimens from Mediterranean Syria. Breeding ofPapilio demoleuson three species ofCitrusat various urban locations in Cyprus has been confirmed, and from which observations it is apparent that two broods were achieved in late summer/autumn of 2021. As has been the experience in neighbouring Mediterranean Turkey and Syria, overwintering success is thought likely.
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