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Abstract
<p>Kochia is an early emerging weed of increasing concern across the Great Plains region of the United States due to the evolution of resistance to herbicides. Greenhouse studies were conducted to confirm and characterize the level of glyphosate and acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicide resistance in kochia biotype collected from a field in Sheridan County in Nebraska. The response of kochia biotype to 9 rates (0 to 16×) of tribenuron and glyphosate was evaluated in a whole plant dose-response bioassay. On the basis of the values at the 90% effective dose (ED<sub>90</sub>), the putative-resistant kochia biotype had a 6- and 15-fold level of resistance to glyphosate and tribenuron, respectively. Future research will evaluate strategies for the management of glyphosate- and ALS-resistant kochia under field conditions.</p>
Highlights
Kochia [Kochia scoparia (L.) schrad], an annual broadleaf weed species from the Chenopodiaceae family, is native to Eurasia and was introduced to the western hemisphere in the early 1900s as an ornamental plant (Dodd & Moore, 1993; Friesen et al, 2009)
Herbicide-resistant kochia has become prevalent in areas where herbicide(s) with the same mode of action have been used repeatedly (Crespo et al, 2014)
During fall of 2012, seeds of surviving kochia plants were collected from the same field and considered as a putative-glyphosate and acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibitors-resistant kochia biotype
Summary
Kochia [Kochia scoparia (L.) schrad], an annual broadleaf weed species from the Chenopodiaceae family, is native to Eurasia and was introduced to the western hemisphere in the early 1900s as an ornamental plant (Dodd & Moore, 1993; Friesen et al, 2009). In the Midwestern and western United States, kochia has become an increasingly problematic weed with detrimental effects on yields in annual crops, including wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.)], sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), corn (Zea mays L.), and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Kochia seed viability is short-lived in the soil, with low seed dormancy impacting the turnover time for favorable fitness traits to become predominant in the population (Anderson & Nielsen, 1996; Schwinghamer & Van Acker, 2008). Herbicide-resistant kochia has become prevalent in areas where herbicide(s) with the same mode of action have been used repeatedly (Crespo et al, 2014)
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