Confinement times in quasi-trapping orbits

Abstract

Baker proposed a method of injecting charged particles into a static magnetic field such that particles on these ‘trapping orbits’ never return to the vicinity of the injector and remain permanently trapped. Their infinite confinement time requires that their energy, Eo, be specified with infinite precision. When the energy differs from this by a small amount, E, the particle escapes after a finite confinement time, of the order of In (Eo/E) cyclotron periods.