Abstract
In nature exists a properly defined food chain- an order of hunting and getting hunted. One such hunter-hunted pair is considered in this context and coordinated escape manoeuvres in response to predation is studied in case of a rarely examined confined system. Both the predator agent and prey agents are considered to be self-propelled particles moving in a viscous fluid. The state of motility when alive and passivity on death has been accounted for. A novel individual-based combination of Vicsek model and Boids flocking model is used for defining the self-propelling action and inter-agent interactions. The regimes observed at differing levels of co-ordination segregated by quantification of global order parameter are found to be in agreement with the extant literature. This study strives to understand the penalty on the collective motion due to the restraints employed by the rigid walls of the confinement and the predator’s hunting tactics. The success of any escape manoeuvre is dependent on the rate of information transfer and the strength of the agitation at the source of the manoeuvre. The rate of information transfer is studied as a function of co-ordination and the size of the influence zone and the source strength is studied as a function of escape acceleration activated on the agitated prey. The role of these factors in affecting survival rate of prey is given due coverage.
Highlights
Darwin’s theory of evolution speaks of adaptability of organisms to adverse conditions in order to ensure survival
Breder[5] in his widely acclaimed book on collective motion in fish wrote of a possible concept of a leader fish, which has more enterprise or vision than the other fish in the shoal and asserted that the behaviour of this leader fish decides the behaviour of the shoal
While the features of the Vicsek model and the Boids model can be used for only collective behaviour in organisms[19,20], the Cucker-Smale model is highly diverse, finding use in finance and other dissimilar fields[21]
Summary
Darwin’s theory of evolution speaks of adaptability of organisms to adverse conditions in order to ensure survival. Existing closed domain works like that of Olson et al.[34,37], Demšar et al.[32,33,35] and Hein et al.[43] focus on the evolution of predation and flight tactics or strive to uncover the origins of collective behaviour. These works don’t provide much information on the effect of confinement on collective behaviour. The current work aims to thoroughly study the response of the prey to the presence and actions of a predator within a confinement To this end, a novel zone-based combination of Vicsek and Boids model has been developed. The outcome of the presence of the confinement and the presence of dead agents have been thoroughly discussed in the purview of order parameter
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