Abstract
BackgroundMandibular premolars are complicated teeth to endodontically treat due to the anatomical variations that can present. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of C-shaped configurations in mandibular premolars by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).Methods380 mandibular first premolars and 308 mandibular second premolars cone-beam computed tomographic images were obtained from 292 patients (175 female and 117 male). Tooth position, number of roots, root canals, C-shaped root canal system configuration, level of canal bifurcation and radicular grooves were evaluated by two endodontists trained in CBCT evaluation; previously calibrated between them, and a radiologist with endodontic experience. Data were statistically compared by The Chi-square test (α = 0.05) to examine any significant difference between gender and C-shaped root canal system and any significant difference between C-shaped configuration according to Fan criteria and gender.ResultsOverall 100% (n = 688) teeth examined, 19.2% (n = 132) had a C-shaped root canals system. 9.16% (n = 63) in male patients and 10.03% (n = 69) in female patients. The prevalence of C-shaped root canal system in mandibular first premolar was 83.33 and 16.66% in mandibular second premolars. According to Fan classification, the mandibular first premolars showed 3.63% as C1, 9.09% C2, 59.09% C3, 21.81% C4a, 1.8% C4b. Mandibular second premolars showed 13.63% as C1, 18.18% C2, 13.63% C3, 27.27% C4a, 9.09% C4b. Male patients showed 4.54% as C1, 3.78% C2, 22.72% C3, 11.36% C4a, 0.75% C4b, and 4.54% out of classification. Female patients showed 0.75% as C1, 6.81% C2, 30.03% C3, 9.84 C4a, 2.27% C4b, and 2.27% out of classification. The 53.36% canal bifurcation in mandibular first premolars and 50.09% in mandibular second premolars were in the middle third. No statistical differences were found between C-shaped root canal system and gender or C-shaped configuration according to Fan criteria and gender. P was < 0.05.ConclusionsWithin the limitation of this study, the presence of C-shaped anatomical system is relatively low in mandibular second premolars than in mandibular first premolars.
Highlights
Mandibular premolars are complicated teeth to endodontically treat due to the anatomical variations that can present
Other studies have reported unusual anatomy in the mandibular premolars described as radicular grooves that cause a C-shaped morphology when these teeth are analyzed in their crosssections [1, 3, 4, 8, 9, 11, 13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27]
A total of 380 mandibular first premolars and 308 mandibular second premolars from 292 patients were select based on the following criteria: presence of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of mandibular premolars with complete root formation, presence of high-quality CBCT images, absence of root canal treatment and absence of root resorption or periapical lesions
Summary
Mandibular premolars are complicated teeth to endodontically treat due to the anatomical variations that can present. Other studies have reported unusual anatomy in the mandibular premolars described as radicular grooves that cause a C-shaped morphology when these teeth are analyzed in their crosssections [1, 3, 4, 8, 9, 11, 13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27] This anatomy not always is continuous from the entrance of the canal to the apical foramen. C-shaped root morphology present narrow canals, roots concavities, and dentinal thinness walls so their cleaning and conformation required a carefully treatment planning and clinical knowledge to avoid procedure mistakes [13]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
