Abstract
10 mol% CaO stabilized ZrO2 (CSZ) singly and doubly doped with various amounts of FeO1.5 and TiO2 was prepared by a co-precipitation method, and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Hebb-Wagner method. The results show that relative densities of samples are above 97% and close to each other except CSZT0.29. FeO1.5 single doping improves the grain-boundary conductivity, but decreases the bulk conductivity, while TiO2 single doping decreases both the bulk and grain-boundary conductivities. FeO1.5 and TiO2 double doping increases the grain-boundary and bulk conductivities. The increase in bulk and total conductivities of doped CSZ is mainly due to the high relative density, which provides more migration pathway for O2−, while the increase in co-doping is attributed to the scavenge effect of TiO2 on the grain boundary. The electronic conductivities of all samples measured in air are low, being 10−7−10−6 S cm−1 in the temperature range of 670–850 °C.
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