Abstract
Proper treatment and disposal of industrial pollutants of all kinds are a global issue that presents significant techno-economical challenges. The presence of pollutants such as heavy metal ions (HMIs) and organic dyes (ODs) in wastewater is considered a significant problem owing to their carcinogenic and toxic nature. Additionally, industrial gaseous pollutants (GPs) are considered to be harmful to human health and may cause various environmental issues such as global warming, acid rain, smog and air pollution, etc. Conductive polymer-based nanomaterials have gained significant interest in recent years, compared with ceramics and metal-based nanomaterials. The objective of this review is to provide detailed insights into different conductive polymers (CPs) and their nanocomposites that are used as adsorbents for environmental remediation applications. The dominant types of CPs that are being used as adsorbent materials include polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (Ppy), and polythiophene (PTh). The various adsorption mechanisms proposed for the removal of ODs, HMIs, and other GPs by the different CPs are presented, together with their maximum adsorption capacities, experimental conditions, adsorption, and kinetic models reported.
Highlights
Industrialization, human development, and socio-economic activities are known to have led to the destruction and deterioration of the environment and have significantly affected human health
This study focused on the adsorption of various gases such as N, CO2, and CH4 over the prepared material and reported selective adsorption of CO2, compared with N and CH4, and relatively high capture capacity for the synthesized adsorbent for CO2 uptake
The removal of Congo red was reported for PANI and Ppy adsorbents in another paper by [146], who observed that removal efficiencies increased with increasing contact time and adsorbent dosage
Summary
Industrialization, human development, and socio-economic activities are known to have led to the destruction and deterioration of the environment and have significantly affected human health. Organic dyes (ODs), primarily from textile industries, paper and pulp manufacturing, Polymers 2021, 13, 3810 compared with others. The objective of the current review is to combine recent developments of Polythiophene different conductive polyPmThers (such as polypyrrole, polyaniline, and polythiophene) and their nanocomposites in environmental remediation in one comprehensive article. Ty in recent years as being widely used in diverse fields of research and innovations Their potential use as biosensors [12,13], gas sensors [14], and corrosion inhibitors in different environments [15,16,17], as well as in biomedical applications [18,19,20,21], or as adsorbents for the adsorption of various environmental pollutants [22], is widely anticipated and frequently reported in the literature
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