Abstract
Any sort of wound injury leads to the destruction of skin integrity and wound formation, causing millions of deaths every year and accounting for 10% of death rate insight into various diseases. The ideal biological wound dressings are expected to possess extraordinary mechanical characterization, cytocompatibility, adhesive properties, antibacterial properties, and conductivity of endogenous electric current to enhance the wound healing process. Recent studies have demonstrated that biomedical hydrogels can be used as typical wound dressings to accelerate the whole healing process due to them having a similar composition structure to skin, but they are also limited by ideal biocompatibility and stable mechanical properties. To extend the number of practical candidates in the field of wound healing, we designed a new structural zwitterion poly[3-(dimethyl(4-vinylbenzyl) ammonium) propyl sulfonate] (SVBA) into a poly-acrylamide network, with remarkable mechanical properties, stable rheological property, effective antibacterial properties, strong adsorption, high penetrability, and good electroactive properties. Both in vivo and in vitro evidence indicates biocompatibility, and strong healing efficiency, indicating that poly (AAm-co-SVBA) (PAS) hydrogels as new wound healing candidates with biomedical applications.
Highlights
The skin is the softest, most flexible outer tissue covering the body of a vertebrate animal, the inevitable skin trauma caused by burns, contusions, or bruises is a significant yet intractable healthcare issue around the world (Hernández Martínez et al, 2019)
We ingeniously introduce a new structural saltresponsive zwitterion poly[3-(dimethyl(4-vinylbenzyl) ammonium) propyl sulfonate] (SVBA) into the polyAAm network to extend the practical candidates for the field of wound healing
A new structural salt-responsive polySVBA was induced into the polyAAm network to form a poly(AAm-co
Summary
The skin is the softest, most flexible outer tissue covering the body of a vertebrate animal, the inevitable skin trauma caused by burns, contusions, or bruises is a significant yet intractable healthcare issue around the world (Hernández Martínez et al, 2019). Polyzwitterionic hydrogels are widely reported to be antifouling materials (Yuan H et al, 2021) that promote protein repellent, and a higher healing efficacy can be achieved Both in vivo and in vitro evidence monitors the cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, and healing efficiency of the resultant polyzwitterions with refined structures, indicating that poly (AAm-co-SVBA) (PAS) hydrogels have become new wound healing candidates for biomedical applications. The in-vitro antibacterial performance of PAS-2 hydrogel was tested against S. aureus (ATCC 29213) and E. coli (ATCC 25922) in this experiment by standard plate counting assays. To evaluate the wound healing performance of PAS-2 hydrogel, the tissue samples of the wound were collected on the 4, 8, and 12th day and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 1 h. The student’s t-test was used to analyze the differences between two groups, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze multiple groups. *p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 and ****p < 0.0001)
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