Condom Access in San Antonio, Texas: The “Three A's” and HIV/STI Incidence

Abstract

Condoms are highly effective at reducing STI transmission. Access is a critical precursor to use. This socio-ecologic study operationalizes the concept of condom access by defining it in terms of availability, affordability, and affect, and explores the relationship between these and STI incidence. Three pairs of zip codes, each with similar demographics but different Chlamydia and HIV incidence rates, were identified. Supermarkets, convenience stores, and pharmacies (N = 102) were evaluated for the three A's. Nonparametric methods were used to compare the moderate-Chlamydia areas to the high-incidence areas. High-Chlamydia areas were significantly less likely to have 12-packs available compared to moderate-Chlamydia areas. Prices averaged over $1 per condom and did not vary by incidence. High-incidence areas were significantly less likely to allow patrons to select condoms unassisted. High-HIV areas placed more positively-connoted items near condoms. Improving these factors may improve condom acquisition and in turn reduce STI and HIV incidence rates.