Abstract
Aluminum-based metallic matrix composites reinforced by carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are important precursors for development of new light and ultralight materials with enhanced properties and high specific characteristics. In the present work, powder metallurgy technique was applied for production of composites based on reinforcement of aluminum matrices by CNFs of different concentrations (0~2.5 wt%). CNFs were produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and mechanical activation. We determined that in situ synthesis of carbon nanostructures with subsequent mechanic activation provides satisfactory distribution of nanofibers and homogeneous composite microstructure. Introduction of 1 vol% of flux (0.25 NaCl + 0.25 KCl + 0.5 CaF2) during mechanic activation helps to reduce the strength of the contacts between the particles. Additionally, better reinforcement of alumina particles and strengthening the bond between CNFs and aluminum are observed due to alumina film removal. Introduction of pure aluminum into mechanically alloyed powder provides the possibility to control composite durability, plasticity and thermal conductivity.
Highlights
IntroductionMetal matrix composites reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have become the subject of many studies [1]
carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and mechanical activation
Metal matrix composites reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have become the subject of many studies [1]
Summary
Metal matrix composites reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have become the subject of many studies [1]. The main technological problems in the synthesis of hybrid composite materials containing CNTs or CNFs are the distribution of the hardening phase in the volume of the composite, the strength of its bonding with the matrix, and the chemical and structural stability of the carbon ordered structures in the composition These problems are solved by researchers using various methods and, in the first turn, in the stage of preparation of the composite powder [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23]. To create metal-based compact materials reinforced by CNTs, technologies of powder metallurgy [16,17], liquid metallurgy [18], galvanic plating [19], sintering in spark plasma [20,21], and thermal spraying are used [22,23]
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