Conditioned Medium of Wharton's Jelly Derived Stem Cells Can Enhance the Cartilage Specific Genes Expression by Chondrocytes in Monolayer and Mass Culture Systems.

Maryam Hassan Famian,Azadeh Montaseri,Soheila Montazer Saheb

doi:10.15171/apb.2017.016

Abstract

Purpose: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been introduced for cell therapy strategies in osteoarthritis (OA). Despite of their capacity for differentiation into chondrocyte, there are some evidences about their life-threatening problem after transplantation. So, some researchers shifted on the application of stem cells conditioned medium. The goal of this study is to evaluate whether Wharton's jelly derived stem cell conditioned medium (WJSCs-CM) can enhance the gene expression profile by chondrocytes in monolayer and mass culture systems. Methods: Conditioned medium was obtained from WJSCs at fourth passage. Isolated chondrocytes were plated at density of 1×106 for both monolayer and high density culture. Then cells in both groups were divided into control (received medium) and experiment group treated with WJ-CM for 3 and 6 days. Samples were prepared to evaluate gene expression profile of collagen II, aggrecan, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and sox-9 using real-time RT-PCR. Results: After 3 days, Chondrocytes treated with WJSCs-CM expressed significantly higher level of genes compared to the control group in both culture systems. After 6 days, the expression of genes in monolayer cultivated chondrocytes was decreased but that of the mass culture were up-regulated significantly. Conclusion: WJ-SCs-CM can increase the expression of cartilage-specific genes and can be introduced as a promoting factor for cartilage regeneration.

Highlights

Articular cartilage which covers the joint surfaces is a highly specialized type of connective tissue that predominantly composed of one cell type named chondrocytes scattered in a lattice of extracellular matrix (ECM)
The goal of this study is to evaluate whether Wharton's jelly derived stem cell conditioned medium (WJSCsCM) can enhance the gene expression profile by chondrocytes in monolayer and mass culture systems
There is a significant increase in TGF-β and insulin like growth factor1 (IGF-1) concentration between Wharton’s jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJSCs) at third and fourth passage when compared to the first passage of cells, with P-value of less than 0.001 and 0.0001, respectively

Summary

Introduction

Articular cartilage which covers the joint surfaces is a highly specialized type of connective tissue that predominantly composed of one cell type named chondrocytes scattered in a lattice of extracellular matrix (ECM). The metabolism of normal articular cartilage is maintained as a result of a delicate balance between synthesis and degradation of ECM components which is regulated by chondrocytes.[1]

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