Abstract
Umbilical cord blood (UCB) cells are an important source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). It is known that the umbilical cord is rich in hematopoietic stem cells, which influenced research on ontogeny and transplantation (allogeneic transplantation). In recent years, stem cell research has emerged as an area of major interest due to its prospective applications in various aspects of both human and veterinary medicine. Moreover, it is known that the application of MSCs has several weaknesses. The use of these cells has limitations in terms of tumorigenesis effect, delivery, safety, and variability of therapeutic response, which led to the use of secretomes as an alternative to cell-free therapy. The main obstacle in its use is the availability of human UCB as an origin of MSCs and MSCs’ secretomes, which are often difficult to obtain. Ethical issues regarding the use of stem cells based on human origin are another challenge, so an alternative is needed. Several studies have demonstrated that MSCs obtained from bovine umbilical cords have the same properties and express the same surface markers as MSCs obtained from human umbilical cords. Therefore, secretomes from MSCs derived from domestic animals (bovine) can possibly be used in human and veterinary medicine. This finding would contribute significantly to improve cell-free therapy. At present, the use of UCB MSCs derived from domestic animals, especially bovines, is very restricted, and only limited data about bovine UCB are available. Therefore, the aim of this review was to provide an updated overview of cell-free therapy and discuss the new possibilities introduced by the generation of this therapy derived from bovine umbilical MSCs as a promising tool in developing modern and efficient treatment strategies.
Highlights
In recent 20 years, stem cell research has emerged as an area of significant interest for its potential applications in both human and veterinary medicine
The use of stem cells and conditioned medium (CM) for cell-free therapy has been considered as a promising source
The exchange of signals between grafted bovine umbilical mesenchymal stem cell and the host leads to remarkable tissue trophic effects on endogenous brain cells and beneficial modulatory actions on innate and adaptive immune responses, which promote the healing of the injured central nervous system (CNS) [41]
Summary
In recent 20 years, stem cell research has emerged as an area of significant interest for its potential applications in both human and veterinary medicine. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are omnipresent in various tissues and are not limited to mesodermal origins such as bone marrow, adipose, muscle, or bone. These cells can be found in the brain, spleen, liver, kidney, lung, thymus, umbilical, and pancreas. MSCs derived from umbilical cords have been broadly accepted in the field of both human and veterinary medicine for the treatment of degenerative diseases (e.g., osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, diabetes mellitus, dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease) and for beauty-related therapies. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
