Condensation phenomena with distinguishable particles

Abstract

We study real-space condensation phenomena in types of classical stochastic processes (site-particle system), such as zero-range processes and urn models. We study a stochastic process in the Ehrenfest class, i.e., particles in a site are distinguishable. In terms of the statistical mechanical analog, the Ehrenfest class obeys the Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics. We analytically clarify conditions for condensation phenomena in disordered cases in the Ehrenfest class. In addition, we discuss the preferential urn model as an example of the disordered urn model. It becomes clear that the quenched disorder property plays an important role in the occurrence of the condensation phenomenon in the preferential urn model. It is revealed that the preferential urn model shows three types of condensation depending on the disorder parameters.