Condensation phase transitions of symmetric conserved-mass aggregation model on complex networks

Abstract

We investigate condensation phase transitions of the symmetric conserved-mass aggregation (SCA) model on random networks (RNs) and scale-free networks (SFNs) with degree distribution P(k) approximately k(-gamma). In the SCA model, masses diffuse with unit rate, and unit mass chips off from mass with rate omega. The dynamics conserves total mass density rho. In the steady state, on RNs and SFNs with gamma > 3 for omega is not equal to infinity, we numerically show that the SCA model undergoes the same type of condensation transitions as those on regular lattices. However, the critical line rho(c)(omega) depends on network structures. On SFNs with gamma < or = 3, the fluid phase of exponential mass distribution completely disappears and no phase transitions occurs. Instead, the condensation with exponentially decaying background mass distribution always takes place for any nonzero density. For the existence of the condensed phase for gamma < or = 3 at the zero density limit, we investigate one lamb-lion problem on RNs and SFNs. We numerically show that a lamb survives indefinitely with finite survival probability on RNs and SFNs with gamma > 3, and dies out exponentially on SFNs with gamma< or = 3. The finite lifetime of a lamb on SFNs with gamma < or = 3 ensures the existence of the condensation at the zero density limit on SFNs with gamma < or = 3, at which direct numerical simulations are practically impossible. At omega = infinity, we numerically confirm that complete condensation takes place for any rho > 0 on RNs. Together with the recent study on SFNs, the complete condensation always occurs on both RNs and SFNs in zero range process with constant hopping rate.