Abstract
Power control technology is widely used in wireless sensor networks to improve network performance. The asymmetric transmission power strategy used in power control technology causes the re-emergence of hidden-node problems and more serious exposed-node problems. This article analyzes the reasons of these problems and proposes the concept of the pan-hidden node and pan-exposed node. To avoid pan-hidden-node problems and mitigate pan-exposed-node problems, a concurrent transmission mechanism is presented. The concurrent transmission mechanism contains a strict time schedule for different categories of frames and an interference degree criterion to ensure concurrent transmission. The rigorous time schedule can guarantee that different classes of frames do not interfere with one another. The interference among the frames of the same type is constrained by the interference degree criterion. Finally, the performance of the concurrent transmission mechanism is evaluated using simulation experiments.
Highlights
Conserving the energy of sensor nodes is a critical issue in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) because the network lifetime completely depends on the durability of the batteries in the nodes, which cannot be replaced or recharged in most sensor network applications.[1]
We proposed an interference degree criterion for the panexposed nodes to concurrently transmit in a study by Zhao et al.[23]
For the hidden-node and exposed-node problems caused by power control strategies in WSNs, first, we define the pan-hidden nodes and pan-exposed nodes
Summary
Conserving the energy of sensor nodes is a critical issue in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) because the network lifetime completely depends on the durability of the batteries in the nodes, which cannot be replaced or recharged in most sensor network applications.[1]. During the CTM process, the session between the nodes, which includes the concurrent transmission of the exposed nodes, follows the RTS-CTS-DATA-ACK four-time handshake mechanism as the 802.11 DCF protocol. If node u receives an FAL frame from the neighbor nodes or a CEL frame from node v before the expiration of the timer tu, a new session between nodes u and v cannot be initiated because the first condition of concurrent transmission cannot be satisfied. If the neighbor node nu is currently a receiving node, it must determine whether the second condition of concurrent transmission is satisfied according to formula (11) after receiving the RTS frame. If neighbor node nv is currently a transmitting node, it must determine whether the fourth condition of concurrent transmission is satisfied according to equation (12) after receiving the CTS frame.
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