Abstract
BackgroundMore than 500,000 people are affected by brucellosis each year while the incidence of Q fever is poorly recorded. Consistent outbreaks of brucellosis have been reported in Afghanistan, affecting social and economic life. This study aimed to determine the means of propagation of brucellosis and Q-fever and establish appropriate control measures for both.Methods and MaterialsAn outbreak of 1,317 cases of brucellosis and Q fever was investigated from May 2011 to the end of 2012 in Bamyan province of Afghanistan. A total of 100 cases were selected by random sampling with equal number of neighbor controls. Data were collected through structured questionnaire.ResultsThe average age was 30 years ±14 years. Of those sampled, 62% were female, 38% were male, and resided in three districts: Punjab, Yakawlang and Waras. Using multivariate analysis, being a housewife (OR=7.36), being within proximity of kitchens to barns (OR= 2.98), drinking un-boiled milk (OR= 5.26), butchering (OR= 3.53) and purchasing new animals in the last six months (OR= 3.53) were significantly associated with contraction of brucellosis and Q fever.ConclusionHealth educators should focus on families dealing with animals, especially on females. Pasturing, healthy milking, dunging, and slaughtering practices, along with use of safe dairy products should be the focus of preventive measures.
Highlights
Brucellosis is caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella; species considered important agents for human disease are B
Descriptive Analysis: All age groups within the population were affected by the infection; those who were 15 to 30 years of age were most commonly affected compared to the other age groups
Of the 28 samples, which were tested in the Ministry of Agriculture laboratory using the Rose Bengal Test, all were positive for brucellosis
Summary
Brucellosis is caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella; species considered important agents for human disease are B. There are four cases that go undetected.[4] Brucellosis is a major public and animal health problem in many regions of the world, where livestock are a major source of food and income. Despite control programs, it remains endemic in most developing countries.[5] The WHO considers brucellosis to be a neglected zoonosis because, despite its widespread distribution and effects on multiple species, it is not prioritized by national and international health systems.[6] Human cases continue to occur following traditional use of raw milk products and close contact with infected animals. Healthy milking, dunging, and slaughtering practices, along with use of safe dairy products should be the focus of preventive measures
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