Concordance between botanical groups and genetic diversity in peanut

Ingrid Pinheiro Machado,Fernanda Helena Oliveira Da Silva,Renata Fernandes De Matos,Júlio César Do Vale,Tamiris Pereira Da Silva

doi:10.5935/1806-6690.20170077

Abstract

The aims of this study were to characterize peanut accessions of germplasm collection of the CCA/UFC and check consistency between the pre-existing botanical groups to estimates of genetic diversity. For this were conducted a trial with 43 accessions of peanut in a randomized block design with three replications. To characterization were used 21 morphological descriptors, where revealed large genetic variation. The mass hundred grains trait showed the main discriminating factors, with relative percentage of 22.1%. The cluster obtained with the linkage complete method, it was possible to view the dendrogram the formation of seven groups based on the Mahalanobis distance. By principal components analysis was identified phenotypic diversity among genotypes. The first three components explained 81% of the total variation. Subsequently, built a three-dimensional scatter chart for access of visualization, eight groups being formed. There was medium magnitude of agreement between the botanical groups and genetic diversity, both by the dendrogram and graphic dispersion proving the dissimilarity between genotypes of different botanic groups. Therefore, crossings between group access botanical Spanish or Valencia with those belonging to the Virginia group should generate segregating populations with high genetic potential.

Highlights

All over the world, germplasm banks have been established for the purpose of conserving plant genetic resources, either by conventional methods of genetic improvement or by recent genetic engineering techniques
There was a great variation in the behavior of the CCA/ University of Ceará (UFC) accessions in the peanut collection (Table 2)
77% of the accessions presented sequential branching, while the others showed branching of the alternate type. This behavior is similar for the presence of flowers on the main axis, with all accessions belonging to either of the botanical groups Valencia or Spanish

Summary

Introduction

Germplasm banks have been established for the purpose of conserving plant genetic resources (which are invaluable, both presently and in the future), either by conventional methods of genetic improvement or by recent genetic engineering techniques In this way, plant genetic resources are considered a reservoir in which solutions can be found for various environmental changes, serving as raw material for agricultural development (NASS, 2001). Peanut is a rich source of protein and vegetable oil, being consumed worldwide in the most varied forms. The grains of this crop contain approximately 20-25% of high quality protein and 45% of oil (SILVEIRA et al, 2011). About 60% of the world’s production is destined for oil extraction, thereby generating industrial by-products used in animal feed while the rest is destined for human consumption in the natural form (SANTOS et al, 2010)

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