Conclusions

Abstract

We have provided a comprehensive introduction to knowledge graphs, which have been receiving more and more attention in recent years. Under the definition of a knowledge graph as a graph ofdata intended to accumulate and convey knowledge of the real world, whose nodes represent entities of interest and whose edges represent relations between these entities, we have discussed models by which data can be structured as graphs; representations of schema, identity and context; techniques for leveraging deductive and inductive knowledge; methods for the creation, enrichment, quality assessment and refinement of knowledge graphs; principles and standards for publishing knowledge graphs; and finally, we have discussed the adoption of both open and enterprise knowledge graphs in the real world.