Conclusion

Abstract

Italy’s problematic relationship with the concept of modernity and process of modernization has often resulted in a lack of unitary purpose, at times descending into violent conflict. The ‘Conclusion’ explains that the years before and after the First World War saw the country torn between opposing modernizing projects, leading to the liberal regime’s demise. After the Second World War, when the country experienced rapid economic expansion and growing consumerism, internal divisions and controversies resulted in abundant creativity and inventiveness, albeit marred by political violence. In recent decades, Italy has been experiencing another critical historical juncture: the collapse of the First Republic, globalization, increasing flows of migration, and bewildering technological advances.