Conclusion

Abstract

This concluding chapter reflects issues and directions for the governance of shipping in Canadian Arctic waters at a time of unprecedented change drawing on the themes discussed throughout the book, in particular the interface between shipping, Indigenous rights and environment protection. The Arctic is a unique ecoregion that is subject to mixed adverse and beneficial impacts due to the consequences of climate change, most especially because of enhanced mobility enabled by shipping. Most importantly, the Canadian Arctic is Inuit Nunangat, the homeland of Inuit, and calls for development that places the interests of its inhabitants at the centre. The potential risks and benefits of increasing industrialization and other economic activities must be subject to socially and environmentally responsible governance. At this time, the governance of shipping in Canadian Arctic waters is fragmented and needs to be strengthened in view of the designation of low-impact shipping corridors. Future maritime governance demands strengthening and concertation of State powers and measures with respect to clear policy directions, modernized coordinated regulation, coordinated institutional framework, effective management measures, proper funding of initiatives and capacity-building.