Abstract
Cretaceous System is widely represented in South America. “Conchostracans” are best represented with 47 early Cretaceous species and only 5 Late Cretaceous ones. Its warm climate with rainfall and marked seasonality allowed the development of the “conchostracan” populations. This information shows that more detailed analysis between climate and “conchostracan” records is needed to reconstruct environments in the Cretaceous times.
Highlights
Cretaceous System is widely represented in South America
The Cretaceous System is widely represented in South America, but its geographical outcrop spread is not related to “conchostracan” records, the best represented group among the continental invertebrates [1]
The still biased and not very diverse record of the South American Cretaceous “conchostracan” faunas prevents us from providing definitive conclusions about the impact of the Cretaceous climate on them
Summary
The arid climate, with heavy rainfall, generated favorable seasonal conditions for the development of a diverse “conchostracan” fauna [3] [4] [5]. It is inferred that, the scarce record in southern South America (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) is mainly related to collection biases [3] [5]. During the Jurassic-Cretaceous periods, marine transgressions and other events (such as magmatism of Serra Geral and Botucatú erg-desert) conditioned the dispersion (marked endemism) and the establishment of continental microfossils (ostracods and charophytes) in Patagonia Argentina and the rest of South America [6]. The climate defined for mid-Cretaceous, maintained favorable characteristics (seasonality) for the development of “conchostracan” faunas. Scarce “conchostracan” records in Brazil, where only 5 species were found, restricts the possibilities of making considerations about the characteristics of the climate and its relationship with the “conchostracan” populations
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