Abstract
The concept of culture has undergone significant changes within the discipline of Volkskunde in the German-speaking world. In the early years of the discipline it was used as a more inclusive term for various socially differentiated strata of the populace. In time, however, the term came to mean the peasants, particularly by a bourgeois-national Volkskunde. It was this attitude toward the folk that became so useful for the National Socialist regime of the Third Reich. After World War II the newly created German Democratic Republic, which grew out of a portion of the former German Reich, developed a Marxist approach to Volkskunde that reached back to the original concept of the discipline and included all of the folk, particularly the working classes, as part of its investigations. Two men in particular, Wolfgang Steinitz and Paul Nedo, were primarily responsible for promoting the new concept of culture in the GDR.
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