Conceptual design of the DTT ECRH quasi-optical transmission line

Abstract

The Divertor Tokamak Test (DTT) facility is being realised in Frascati, Italy for the study of the power exhaust issues in view of DEMO tokamak. A multi-MW Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating (ECRH) system is foreseen with a first set of 16 gyrotrons at 1 MW and 170 GHz available for the first stage of operation; additional 16 gyrotrons with power from 1 MW to 1.2 MW are foreseen in a later stage for a total of up to 33.6 MW of ECRH at plasma. ECRH system itself is part of the 45 MW of external additional heating coupled to the plasma, provided also by Ion Cyclotron Resonance Heating and Neutral Beam Injection. The Transmission Line (TL) is fully quasi-optical, between 84 m and 138 m long and will transfer power up to 1.5 MW per beam from the building hosting the ECRH sources to the Torus Hall. The main section runs in a straight elevated corridor at a few meters above the ground level. In order to have low power losses and a simpler and manageable system, the long TL run is made by four quasi-optical Multi-Beam (MB) lines each transmitting 8 beams via shared mirrors, similar to the W7-X Stellarator TL. The system is thus organised in “clusters” each one made of the 8 gyrotron sources and the respective transmission line and launchers. Avoidance of losses in air and microwave leaks is assured by a vacuum enclosure of the whole line with the use of metallic gaskets. Single-Beam (SB) transmission lines are foreseen at the beginning and end of the MB line, to cover the distance from the gyrotron to a beam-combining mirror and from a splitting mirror to the launcher. The optical design has to cope with space constraints in the building and inherent conversion losses at the reflection on metallic mirrors, whose number was minimised. First evaluations with the electromagnetic modeling tool GRASP and first concepts for the MB mirror cooling are reported.