Abstract
The present investigation is based on the development of a conceptual design of a desalination system incorporating the technology of the heat pump, for which the conceptual foundations related to water and its characteristics were addressed; a description of the different desalination systems and technical characteristics of a heat pump. The information collected allowed to start the development of the methodological framework, in which the lineal design model was applied to define the parameters and requirements that were considered to determine the conceptual design of the desalination system using a heat pump, through which, the main result was that the heat pump technology is applicable to a seawater desalination system, considering the seawater conditions on the coast of Chile and the standardized flows that the Navy could require.
Highlights
Water is a fundamental element for the human being: without water, there is not life
The calculation of the capacities for each component of the heat pump, that is, the heat transferred by the condenser, the heat absorbed by the evaporator and the power required by the compressor, through the procedure indicated below: In the condenser of the heat pump, as its name indicates, the refrigerant will be condensed, but at the same time, the seawater will evaporate, with the objective of obtaining as product, steam, brine and condensed refrigerant liquid, but how much heat do you need to achieve it? The total heat is the sum of the sensible heat and the latent heat and it's equal to the sum of the heat of evaporation plus the power of the compressor
The variation of the parameters due to their geographic location does not significantly affect the power required by the heat pump to desalinate a certain water flow, so that the same conceptual design can be used throughout the coast of the country
Summary
Water is a fundamental element for the human being: without water, there is not life. The following problem arises: Is the technology of the heat pump applicable to water desalination processes?. The general objective of the present titration work is: "Conceptually design a desalination system for seawater using a heat pump". The methodology used for the present work of degree is applied research, developing in a first stage, about the conceptual foundations related to water and its characteristics; desalination; and concept of a heat pump. The conceptual design is defined as: "the set of tasks aimed at obtaining a solution to a problem raised from the specifications, requirements and needs" (Alteaga, 2016), which involves the properties, attributes, functions, schemes and sketches of a product, in this particular case, of the conceptual design of a seawater desalination system using a heat pump
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