Abstract
Reduction of CO2 emissions from industrial facilities is of utmost importance for sustainable development. Novel process systems with the capability to remove CO2 will be useful for carbon management in the future. It is well-known that major determinants of performance in process systems are established during the design stage. Thus, it is important to employ a systematic tool for process synthesis. This work approaches the design of polygeneration plants with negative emission technologies (NETs) by means of the graph-theoretic approach known as the P-graph framework. As a case study, a polygeneration plant is synthesized for multiperiod operations. Optimal and alternative near-optimal designs in terms of profit are identified, and the influence of network structure on CO2 emissions is assessed for five scenarios. The integration of NETs is considered during synthesis to further reduce carbon footprint. For the scenario without constraint on CO2 emissions, 200 structures with profit differences up to 1.5% compared to the optimal design were generated. The best structures and some alternative designs are evaluated and compared for each case. Alternative solutions prove to have additional practical features that can make them more desirable than the nominal optimum, thus demonstrating the benefits of the analysis of near-optimal solutions in process design.
Highlights
Technological development and economic growth have led to a rise in the emissions of CO2 derived from the combustion of fuels
There have been recent efforts to mitigate the environmental problems resulting from the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), such as the reduction of pollutants during product generation, the enhancement of process efficiencies to reduce the consumption of resources, or the integration of processes to save energy
negative emission technologies (NETs) are defined as methods that result in a reduction of the level of GHGs through their permanent removal from the atmosphere [3]
Summary
Technological development and economic growth have led to a rise in the emissions of CO2 derived from the combustion of fuels. The Davies process is used as part of a power-to-X scheme to take advantage of cyclic variations in electricity price and product demand Such integration requires additional capital investment during early design stages, and an assessment of various profitability scenarios should be considered. P-graph is a powerful and versatile framework for rigorous process network synthesis (PNS) that is especially useful for handling combinatorial aspects of design problems [15]. This approach permits the systematic generation of the best solution and a set of near-optimal alternatives by efficiently reducing the size of the optimization problem. Nearoptimal design networks are generated which may potentially be more practical to implement
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