Abstract
Washing the corpse and dressing the body prior to burial is an act of love and necessity in many religions. Applying robotics and automation technologies for the washing and preparation of a deceased Muslim in accordance with the Islamic Shari'at laws has been the challenging foundation of this research. With an increasing annual population growth resulting in an increase in the number of deaths (historically and/or immediately after a national disaster), automating part of this procedure to increase the speed of operation, reducing the health risks to the personnel of washing rooms “Ghassalkhaneh” at the cemeteries and enhancing their quality of life have been the primary objectives of this project. We have named and patented this semi-automated corpse preparation machine as the “PaakShooy” or “پاک شوی” in Persian (Farsi) which means purifying the deceased. The whole process is composed of three operational units lined up in a series; the automatic washing chamber, drying cell and the semi-automatic shrouding table. This paper covers an introductory concept of the subject in Islam, a conceptual design of various machines and mechanisms to automate the important tasks in accordance with Islamic laws, and the final detailed design, graphic simulation and animation of the PaakShooy machine. In doing so, consultation with Islamic scholars has been a priority from the beginning of the project to the end and a few Fatwa have been issued by some high ranking Ayatollahs in support of the project. With a few modifications, the semi-automated PaakShooy machine may now be updated to conform to other religions/customs.
Highlights
Washing the body and dressing the deceased prior to burial is an act of love and necessity in many religions (i.e., Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Zoroastrian, etc.)[1,2,3,4,5]
Preparing the deceased for burial in Islam takes place in three steps. These steps consist of washing, drying and shrouding in washing rooms located at cemeteries in accordance with the flow chart shown in fig
The process cycle in our conceptual design includes washing, drying and shrouding stations which all act in accordance with religious rules and regulations
Summary
Washing the body and dressing the deceased prior to burial is an act of love and necessity in many religions (i.e., Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Zoroastrian, etc.)[1,2,3,4,5]. It is perhaps for this reason that in many religions ritually washing or baptizing the dead body is highly recommended (similar to “Ghosl” in Islam) and a mandatory cleansing is required for those who come in physical contact with the dead. Among Islamic nations, preparation of the deceased is usually carried out in specially designed washing rooms “Ghassalkhaneh” at cemeteries of large cities. This preparation consists of two important operations, namely, the washing and baptizing of the corpse “Ghosl” and wrapping the body in a shroud “Kafan”. We will describe the traditional method of these procedures in accordance with Islamic rules. One should note that due to the graphic nature of the subject, we intentionally used graphics to illustrate the whole procedure
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