Conceptual bases of creation of the membrane device of tubular type for studying the in bioreactors

Abstract

In this study, methods for intensifying micro- and ultrafiltration processes by controlling the concentration-polarization effect are considered and studied. The negative effect of concentration polarization on the process of separation of the filtered liquid and on the membrane surface is described (due to the increase in concentration, the selectivity and specific productivity of the membrane surface decrease). The physical picture of the flowing phenomena in a flat membrane channel with known geometric dimensions is considered, four sections with different effects on the filtration process are identified. The equation of material balance is analyzed by introducing boundary conditions into the criterion equation of material balance, with the aim of finding opportunities for mass transfer. It is revealed that the mass transfer coefficient km decreases, due to the growth of the thickness of the boundary layer. The main parameters significantly influencing the process of microfiltration are the flow rates G of the initial solution, the mass transfer coefficient km, and with decreasing km decreases and G. The analysis of theoretical and experimental data is carried out showing that the decisive role in the course of the microfiltration process is played by the motion regime of the initial solution, Physical-chemical properties, geometry of the membrane channel. The prospects for using the pulsating field in bioreactors and the need for a conceptual approach for the development of promising membrane devices are grounded. The need to create membranes of complex geometric shapes with the possibility of placing turbulent devices in them and the possibility of moving them relative to each other is considered, creating channels of variable cross-section, which will lead to the appearance of a sufficient number of possibilities for creating hydrodynamic instabilities of various intensities. The article touches upon the application of pulsation regimes of destruction or loosening of the polarization layer by means of reciprocating motion of the concentrate, periodic membrane regeneration by tangential pulsating flow or by using reverse pumping.