Concepts and Acoustics of Open-Plan Offices and Schools

Abstract

The present popularity of open planning for offices and schools is surprising in terms of supposedly establishing criteria for privacy and sound isolation. It is very difficult to approach these criteria in an “open” plan. Precise model measurements define attainable steps in sound isolation as one uses extreme absorption on available surfaces, and then introduces functional obstacles as sound barriers, partial partitions, and even specific acoustical reflectors to improve the ratio of desired to objectionable communication. Much can be accomplished with transparent partitions to preserve visual openness and improve isolation. The magnitude of background noise to mask residual unwanted communication and noise exceeds generally tolerable levels and suggests use of programmed familiar sounds selected for acceptability and without distraction. Economy will not be a feature of the acoustically acceptable open plan. Knowledgeable school planners stress flexibility more than openness; hence, folding and readily movable partitioning may flourish. Since architects generally will not respect the acoustical sophistication, nor will owners like the cost, the alternative will probably be either passing of the fad or evolution of consideration and discretion in voice communication.