Abstract
A study has been made of the dependence of the sorption of scandium, zirconium, hafnium and thorium from aqueous solutions with a silica-based sulphonic cation-exchanger (SCE—SiO 2) on the concentration and nature of the acid medium, time of contact, concentration of the element, and the ionic strength. The selectivity decreases in the order Zr ≈ Hf > Th > Sc > Fe(III). The sorption characteristics of silica gel and SCE—SiO 2 have been compared, and the sorption mechanism is discussed. The SCE—SiO 2 exchanger has been used for 100-fold concentration of scandium, zirconium, hafnium and thorium from their 10 −8–10 −7 M solutions, and a spectrophotometric method has been developed for their determination with a detection limit of 0.5 ng/ml for Zr and Sc and 0.1 ng/ml for Hf and Th. Zirconium and hafnium have been determined in the solvent phase by X-ray fluorescence and atomic-emission methods.
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