Abstract
A theory of microscopic fluctuations, which is based on generalized fluctuation–dissipation assumptions, is used to describe concentration fluctuations in a uniform system undergoing chemical reactions. The theory is shown to agree with the linear Langevin-type theory of concentration fluctuations near equilibrium, and provides a method for calculating the time evolution of an arbitrary initial probability distribution for a system far from equilibrium. These results are easily compared to the birth and death (master equation) theory of chemical reactions, and recent work on the asymptotic solutions of these master equations indicates that in the limit of a macroscopic system, the two approaches are identical.
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