Abstract
ABSTRACT The use of toxic baits with spinosyns (spinosad and spinetoram), along with the parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata, is a sustainable alternative for the management of Ceratitis capitata. This study aimed to evaluate the lethal concentration (LC) and lethal time (LT) of spinosad and spinetoram, associated with the food lures sugarcane molasses at 7 %, Biofruit at 3 %, Ceratrap® at 1.5 %, Flyral® at 1.25 %, Isca Samaritá® and Samaritá Tradicional® at 3 %, on C. capitata, under laboratory conditions, as well as their effect, at the concentration of 96 mg L-1, on D. longicaudata. For the lethal time data, mortality was assessed at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84 and 96 h after the exposure to the toxic baits. The lowest lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC95), to spinetoram (0.5 mg L-1 and 3.7 mg L-1, respectively) and spinosad (0.8 mg L-1 and 7.8 mg L-1, respectively), corresponded to the association with Samaritá Tradicional® at 3 %. The lowest lethal time (TL50), in hours, for the spinosad insecticide, corresponded to the formulation containing Biofruit at 3 % (6.6), and, to spinetoram, Samaritá Tradicional® at 3 % (7.9). For D. longicaudata, the formulations that caused the lowest mortality corresponded to the association of Biofruit® at 3 % with spinosad (4.7 %) and Samaritá Tradicional® at 3 % with espinetoram (3.5 %). The toxic baits formulated with spinosad and espinetoram, associated with Isca Samaritá® at 3 %, caused a mortality rate of more than 60 % to the parasitoid D. longicaudata.
Highlights
The Mediterranean fruit fly or medfly [Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae], which originates from the tropicalAfrica (Malacrida et al 1998), is the most invasive and cosmopolitan species of fruit flies, with a capacity to develop in 361 hosts worldwide (Mcquate & Liquido 2017)
The rearing colony was maintained on the artificial diet for larval development described by Salles (1992) and modified by Nunes et al (2013), and adults were fed with a solid diet used for the rearing of Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera: Tephritidae), which is composed of soybean extract, wheat germ and brown sugar (3:1:1) (Machota-Junior et al 2010), and were provided with water in polyurethane sponges placed in Petri dishes (9 cm in diameter), due to the ease of preparation and the excellent adaptability of the insects to the diets used
When comparing the LC95 values, all the toxic baits formulated with the insecticide spinetoram presented a higher biological activity in adults of C. capitata, when compared to spinosad, except for Flyral® + spinosad, demonstrating a variation in the toxicity of the compounds according to the bait
Summary
The Mediterranean fruit fly or medfly [Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) Africa (Malacrida et al 1998), is the most invasive and cosmopolitan species of fruit flies, with a capacity to develop in 361 hosts worldwide (Mcquate & Liquido 2017). The damage caused by C. capitata mainly results from punctures that lead. 2. Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Departamento de Fitossanidade, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
