Abstract
COMS (Communication, Ocean, and Meteorological Satellite) has been in operation since April 2011. The COMS MI (Meteorological Imager) has one visible and four infrared channels. Through the use of the GSICS (Global Space-based Inter-Calibration System), the KMA (Korea Meteorological Administration) has monitored the radiometric performance of the COMS visible channel through its own calibration system and the use of four different earth targets: ocean, desert, water cloud, and DCC (Deep Convective Cloud). To use the invariant target of the Moon, the KMA adopted GIRO (GSICS Implementation of the ROLO (Robotic Lunar Observatory) model), which was released by EUMETSAT. In this study, a total of 146 lunar observation data (Level 1A) with various phase angles obtained between April 2011 and December 2017 are analyzed. A degradation rate of approximately −1.52 ± 0.10% per year occurred using the GIRO method, which was a degradation of approximately 12% over the eight years (from 2011 to 2018) during COMS MI’s operational period. The lunar calibration result was in good agreement with results provided by other calibration methods such as the DCC using the RTM (Radiative Transfer Model), which was approximately −1.43 ± 0.13% per year. Selection of on-Moon pixels provided an uncertainty of approximately 0.01% per year, while that related to the phase angle (Sun-Moon-Satellite) was approximately 0.06% per year.
Highlights
The Korean geostationary meteorological satellite, COMS (Communication, Ocean, and Meteorological Satellite), is the first operated by the KMA (Korea Meteorological Administration)
The phase angle of the Moon showed a similar pattern every half year, which was related to Moon observation attitude and time
This study reports the long-term characteristics of the COMS Meteorological Imager (MI) visible channel for the first time through the application of GSICS concepts, implementation of GSICS implementation of the Robotic Lunar Observatory (ROLO) model (GIRO), and the use of moon observation data from April 2011 to December 2017
Summary
The Korean geostationary meteorological satellite, COMS (Communication, Ocean, and Meteorological Satellite), is the first operated by the KMA (Korea Meteorological Administration). It was launched on 27 June 2010 and has been in operation since April 2011. For visible channel on-board calibration equipment with a highly advanced performance, recent instruments such as MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) and VIIRS (Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite) use a solar diffuser [4,5]. The calibration system used by the Albedo Monitor of COMS cannot be implemented for monitoring long-term degradation of the visible channel as it has a larger uncertainty than the signal. The use of other calibration methods is necessary for long-term monitoring of sensor degradation
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