Abstract
Natural language processing is the study of computer programs that can understand and produce human language. An important goal in the research to produce such technology is identifying the right meaning of words and phrases. In this paper, we give an overview of current research in three areas: (i) inducing word meaning; (ii) distinguishing different meanings of words used in context; and (iii) determining when the meaning of a phrase cannot straightforwardly be obtained from its parts. Manual construction of resources is labour intensive and costly and furthermore may not reflect the meanings that are useful for the task or data at hand. For this reason, we focus particularly on systems that use samples of language data to learn about meanings, rather than examples annotated by humans.
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